key questions and primary source

Key questions

Topic: Science

Questions to consider:

-       What machinery was created?

-       How science changed way of life?

-       What effects science had on the environment?

-       Was there any war machinery created?

-       How much did science change Britain?

-       Did Science make Britain wealthier or poorer?

-       Was it sudden or gradual (change)?

-       How did science change transportation?

Sub questions

Who benefitted from the industrial revolution?

How did the industrial revolution change the environment?

How did the industrial revolution change ways of transport and trading?

Research question: How did science change Britain and what were the most significant changes?

Primary Source:

Victorian technology bbc

Origin: Victorian technology is an article written by Paul Atterbury. It was published in 2011 in the United States.

Value: the article talks about trading in Britain and how it changed. It talks about how trading in britian affected other countries and how trading changed.

Purpose: Inform readers about the changes in British technology as a result of the industrial revolution.

Limitations: doesn’t tell us how science changed way of life. Or was the change fast or slow and it does not tell us how science changed the environment.

Victorian web technology and leisure

Origin: Technology and Leisure in Britain after 1850 is an article that was written in 1996 by Stephen Hall Clark in the University of Sunderland.

Value: talks about how Technology changed leisure in Victorian times in Britain. It talks about new technology like the steam press and how it affected other people and it also talks about sea side resorts.

Purpose: is to inform people how technology was in Britain in 1850

Limitations: it does not tell us how it affected the environment or was there any war machinery created or did these changes make britian wealthier or poorer.

19th Century Europe Project

      Yes, my country experienced a mass uprising in 1848. It occurred because the economic crisis of 1845 to 1847 led to decline and food shortages throughout the continent. And also conflicts between debtors and creditors in agricultural manufacture as well as over land use rights in parts of Hungary led to the revolution. There is also lack of freedom press and association. Also tension came with Catholicism and different religions. The mass uprising was conducted because of the riots in March 15^th, 1848. March 15^th was the day that a group of Magyar nationalists rioted in Pest-Buda. Yes, it was violent. Only the people that did not benefit from what was going on participated. The people demanded political independence for Hungary from Austria. A little parentage of their demands was fulfilled. The riots in March 15^th resulted in Klemens von Metternich, the Austrian prince and foreign minister, resigning.

Was Louis XIV a absolute monarch?

Louis XIV had the longest rule in European history, he ruled for 72 years from 1643 till 1715. Louis XIV was the ruler of France; he became king at the age of 4. He was the first child to be thought of as a “god given”. He was known as the Sun King. An absolute monarch means that you can pass or make any law with out any permission it is like King Philip II of Spain he was a Absolute monarch. An absolute monarch also means that he is also responsible to all parts of government. They believed that god chose them. Now I am going to argue why Louis XIV was an absolute monarch.

He was an absolute monarch because he was in charge of decision making. He quotes “I request and order to seal no orders except by my command”. This quote means that no body will make any decisions without him approving. Which shows that he has absolute control over his rule.

Louis XIV ruled for a long time. He ruled for 72 years from 1643 till 1715. He became king at the age 4. This shows that he was an absolute monarch because only dictators rule for that long like Charles III he ruled from 1759 to 1788. Louis XIV was an absolute monarch because he ruled for 72 years.

Louis XIV was an absolute monarch because he weekend the nobility. Instead of high nobility and royal princes Louis XIV relied on his ministers on nobles who came from relatively new aristocratic families. Louis XIV threw Nicholas Fouquet who was Louis XIV’s super intendant of finances in prison because Louis XIV didn’t allow any other people to be powerful. He was an absolute monarch because he could do whatever he wants with high nobles.

Louis XIV created the legal system. The legal system was one of the worst things that happened during the rule of King Louis XIV. It made the citizens life much more difficult. The legal system gave King Louis XIV more control of all the power going to France and made the people pay plenty of taxes. The legal system made king Louis XIV more wealthy and powerful.

Louis XIV created the bureaucracy. The bureaucracy was a system improving the sections of administration. In that system he changed the tax poll so that nobles wouldn't be able to collect taxes that would make him wealthier. The bureaucracy also helped and led Louis to centralize his power, to become stronger, wealthier as a result an absolute monarch.

King Louis XIV glorified monarchy.  Also because of his arrogant belief that he was chosen by god he started building statues of himself to show his wealth and glory. He also built the Palace of Versailles in a site that seemed impossible and made it one of the biggest places ever created. By building huge sculptures of himself and huge palaces, he showed his power and wealth.

Louis XIV started European conquests. Because of his arrogant belief that god chose him, he wouldn’t take any advice from anyone and start his own wars. He started wars against the Spanish Netherlands in order for him to gain more land, wealth and power. King Louis XIV led France to gain power and he made himself look stronger in front of the world.

Louis XIV had a very unique personality that led him to being an absolute monarch. He had a very arrogant belief that he was chosen by god to be a king. He was so arrogant that he wouldn’t take any advice from anyone. He was also very un-patient, when he was building the garden for his palace he couldn’t wait for the plants to grow he had them shipped. His personality and his beliefs led him to being n absolute monarch.

Louis XIV was an absolute monarch. Proof that Louis XIV was an absolute monarch was that he ruled for a very long time, he was in charge of decision making, he weakened the nobility, he reformed a legal system, he created a bureaucracy, he glorified monarchy, started European conquests, and his personality and beliefs led him to being an absolute monarch.

Bibliography

slideshare.com. "The Ottoman Empire" Accessed November 24th, 2011.
http://www.slideshare.net/rhalter/the-ottoman-empire

slideshare.com. "Ottoman Empire" Accessed December 2nd, 2011
http://www.slideshare.net/mjamalkowski/ottoman-empire-2403614

en.wikipedia.org. "Ottoman Empire" Accessed November 24th, 2011.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire

Mossensohn, Miri Shefer. The Ottoman Empire 1500-1700. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009


wiki.answers.com. "what were the four social classes of the ottoman empire" Accessed November 23rd 2011
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_were_the_four_social_classes_of_the_ottoman_empire

How did life differ between the social classes in the Ottoman Empire?

  The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. Their leader was Othman Bay. In the 1400’s, the Byzantine Empire had been in decline for nearly two centuries. They faced a threat from the Ottomans; they were a group of nomadic people that migrated from central Asia to Asia Minor. In 1453, the Ottomans surrounded the capital of Constantinople. During a two-month siege, Ottoman cannons pounded Constantinople's city walls allowing attackers to break through and capture the city. The Ottomans changed the name of the city to Istanbul and made the ancient Christian city the capital of their Muslim empire. Which was the beginning of the Ottoman Empire.

  The Ottoman Empire ruled a very large area that included many different people. There was a very big difference on how people lived in every social class in the Ottoman Empire. The top 2 classes were made up of entirely Muslims. The Empire consists of 4 social classes. The highest class of the Ottoman Empire is the men of the pen and then men of the sword and then men of negotiation and then men of husbandry. So as you can see there was a very big difference between life in the Ottoman Empire.

The men of the pen are the highest social class in the Ottoman Empire. This class consists of highly educated scientists, lawyers, doctors, and judges. They would have bigger homes and more land than the other classes in the Ottoman Empire. For example there was a famous doctor in he Ottoman Empire his name was Moses Hamon he was a refugee from Nasrid kingdom. He was famous for building a school in Constantinople that was controlled by Joseph Taitazak. In the Ottoman Empire it was very important that lawyers and doctors etc. were to be in the highest social class on the pyramid so they can have more advanced technology.

The men of the sword is the second highest class in the Ottoman empire, this class consists of military personal such as the ghazi which were the names of a warrior in the Ottoman empire. Alemdar Mustafa Pasha was a famous general in the Ottoman Empire because he lead his army’s into numerous victorious battles. This class will not have such a interesting and easy life like the men of the pen it may be the second highest social class but they had to go to war and fight battles but the military also had a lot of land but not like the men of the pen.

The Men of negotiation were the third social class on the pyramid. This class consists of merchants, artisans, and tax collectors. In this class the merchants had a lot of privileges that no other class had, they were exempt of taxes and government regulations. Which shows a big difference in life between merchants and other social classes.

The men of husbandry were the lowest social class on the Ottoman Empire social Pyramid. This class consists of farmers and herders. In the Ottoman Empire Trade and commerce was more important than agriculture even though most empires put agriculture before trade. The men of husbandry worked for people that had land because they didn’t have any land at all but they could move to higher class if they saved up money.

introduction

  The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. Their leader was Othman Bay. In the 1400’s, the Byzantine Empire had been in decline for nearly two centuries. They faced a threat from the Ottomans; they were a group of nomadic people that migrated from central Asia to Asia Minor. In 1453, the Ottomans surrounded the capital of Constantinople. During a two-month siege, Ottoman cannons pounded Constantinople's city walls allowing attackers to break through and capture the city. The Ottomans changed the name of the city to Istanbul and made the ancient Christian city the capital of their Muslim empire. Which was the beginning of the Ottoman Empire.

  The Ottoman Empire ruled a very large area, which included many different people. There was a very big difference on how people lived in every social class in the Ottoman Empire. The Empire consists of 4 social classes. The highest class of the Ottoman Empire is the men of the pen and then men of the sword and then men of negotiation and then men of husbandry.

how did life differ between the social classes in the ottoman empire?

  The Ottoman empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. There leader was Othman Bay. In the 1400’s, the Byzantine Empire had been in decline for nearly two centuries. They faced a threat from the Ottomans, a group of nomadic people that migrated from central Asia to Asia Minor. In 1453, the Ottomans surrounded the capital of Constantinople. During a two month siege, Ottoman cannons pounded Constantinople's city walls allowing attackers to break through and capture the city. The Ottomans changed the name of the city to Istanbul and made the ancient Christian city the capital of their Muslim empire. Which was the beginning of the ottoman empire.

  The ottoman empire ruled a very large area which included many different people. There was a very big difference on how people lived in every social class in the Ottoman Empire. The Empire consists of 4 social classes. The highest class of the Ottoman Empire is the men of the pen and then men of the sword and then men of negotiation and then men of husbandry.

  The men of the pen is the highest social class in the Ottoman empire. This class Consists of highly educated scientists, lawyers, doctors, and judges. In the Ottoman empire it was very important that lawyers and doctors etc. were to be in the highest social class on the pyramid so they cn have more advanced technology.

  The men of the sword is the second highest class in the Ottoman empire, this class consists of  military personal such as the ghazi which were the names of a warrior in the Ottoman empire.

  The Men of negotiation were the third social class on the pyramid. This class consists of merchants, artisans, and tax collectors. In this class the merchants have a lot of privileges, they were exempt of taxes and government regulations.

  The men of husbandry was the lowest social class on the Ottoman empire social Pyramid. This class consists of farmers and herders. In the Ottoman empire Trade and commerce was more important than agriculture even though most empires put agriculture before trade.