Bibliography

slideshare.com. "The Ottoman Empire" Accessed November 24th, 2011.
http://www.slideshare.net/rhalter/the-ottoman-empire

slideshare.com. "Ottoman Empire" Accessed December 2nd, 2011
http://www.slideshare.net/mjamalkowski/ottoman-empire-2403614

en.wikipedia.org. "Ottoman Empire" Accessed November 24th, 2011.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire

Mossensohn, Miri Shefer. The Ottoman Empire 1500-1700. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009


wiki.answers.com. "what were the four social classes of the ottoman empire" Accessed November 23rd 2011
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_were_the_four_social_classes_of_the_ottoman_empire

How did life differ between the social classes in the Ottoman Empire?

  The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. Their leader was Othman Bay. In the 1400’s, the Byzantine Empire had been in decline for nearly two centuries. They faced a threat from the Ottomans; they were a group of nomadic people that migrated from central Asia to Asia Minor. In 1453, the Ottomans surrounded the capital of Constantinople. During a two-month siege, Ottoman cannons pounded Constantinople's city walls allowing attackers to break through and capture the city. The Ottomans changed the name of the city to Istanbul and made the ancient Christian city the capital of their Muslim empire. Which was the beginning of the Ottoman Empire.

  The Ottoman Empire ruled a very large area that included many different people. There was a very big difference on how people lived in every social class in the Ottoman Empire. The top 2 classes were made up of entirely Muslims. The Empire consists of 4 social classes. The highest class of the Ottoman Empire is the men of the pen and then men of the sword and then men of negotiation and then men of husbandry. So as you can see there was a very big difference between life in the Ottoman Empire.

The men of the pen are the highest social class in the Ottoman Empire. This class consists of highly educated scientists, lawyers, doctors, and judges. They would have bigger homes and more land than the other classes in the Ottoman Empire. For example there was a famous doctor in he Ottoman Empire his name was Moses Hamon he was a refugee from Nasrid kingdom. He was famous for building a school in Constantinople that was controlled by Joseph Taitazak. In the Ottoman Empire it was very important that lawyers and doctors etc. were to be in the highest social class on the pyramid so they can have more advanced technology.

The men of the sword is the second highest class in the Ottoman empire, this class consists of military personal such as the ghazi which were the names of a warrior in the Ottoman empire. Alemdar Mustafa Pasha was a famous general in the Ottoman Empire because he lead his army’s into numerous victorious battles. This class will not have such a interesting and easy life like the men of the pen it may be the second highest social class but they had to go to war and fight battles but the military also had a lot of land but not like the men of the pen.

The Men of negotiation were the third social class on the pyramid. This class consists of merchants, artisans, and tax collectors. In this class the merchants had a lot of privileges that no other class had, they were exempt of taxes and government regulations. Which shows a big difference in life between merchants and other social classes.

The men of husbandry were the lowest social class on the Ottoman Empire social Pyramid. This class consists of farmers and herders. In the Ottoman Empire Trade and commerce was more important than agriculture even though most empires put agriculture before trade. The men of husbandry worked for people that had land because they didn’t have any land at all but they could move to higher class if they saved up money.

introduction

  The Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. Their leader was Othman Bay. In the 1400’s, the Byzantine Empire had been in decline for nearly two centuries. They faced a threat from the Ottomans; they were a group of nomadic people that migrated from central Asia to Asia Minor. In 1453, the Ottomans surrounded the capital of Constantinople. During a two-month siege, Ottoman cannons pounded Constantinople's city walls allowing attackers to break through and capture the city. The Ottomans changed the name of the city to Istanbul and made the ancient Christian city the capital of their Muslim empire. Which was the beginning of the Ottoman Empire.

  The Ottoman Empire ruled a very large area, which included many different people. There was a very big difference on how people lived in every social class in the Ottoman Empire. The Empire consists of 4 social classes. The highest class of the Ottoman Empire is the men of the pen and then men of the sword and then men of negotiation and then men of husbandry.

how did life differ between the social classes in the ottoman empire?

  The Ottoman empire was one of the largest and longest lasting empires in history. There leader was Othman Bay. In the 1400’s, the Byzantine Empire had been in decline for nearly two centuries. They faced a threat from the Ottomans, a group of nomadic people that migrated from central Asia to Asia Minor. In 1453, the Ottomans surrounded the capital of Constantinople. During a two month siege, Ottoman cannons pounded Constantinople's city walls allowing attackers to break through and capture the city. The Ottomans changed the name of the city to Istanbul and made the ancient Christian city the capital of their Muslim empire. Which was the beginning of the ottoman empire.

  The ottoman empire ruled a very large area which included many different people. There was a very big difference on how people lived in every social class in the Ottoman Empire. The Empire consists of 4 social classes. The highest class of the Ottoman Empire is the men of the pen and then men of the sword and then men of negotiation and then men of husbandry.

  The men of the pen is the highest social class in the Ottoman empire. This class Consists of highly educated scientists, lawyers, doctors, and judges. In the Ottoman empire it was very important that lawyers and doctors etc. were to be in the highest social class on the pyramid so they cn have more advanced technology.

  The men of the sword is the second highest class in the Ottoman empire, this class consists of  military personal such as the ghazi which were the names of a warrior in the Ottoman empire.

  The Men of negotiation were the third social class on the pyramid. This class consists of merchants, artisans, and tax collectors. In this class the merchants have a lot of privileges, they were exempt of taxes and government regulations.

  The men of husbandry was the lowest social class on the Ottoman empire social Pyramid. This class consists of farmers and herders. In the Ottoman empire Trade and commerce was more important than agriculture even though most empires put agriculture before trade.

dear diary,
                 today i saw our returning gods, i am very happy about this sudden event. And i saw our gods riding on giant dear. unfortunately we have been forced to sacrifice some of our men for our religion. also i saw great big fire sticks that can kill human. some of our people have begun to be traitors and take our gold. today also the spanish have stolen our gold they are thieves and maliche is a traitor devil and a whore

Why did Lutheranism appeal to princes?

Lutheranism was very appealing to princes.Princes were free of political control. They could rule their own ministers and appoint them were ever they want, they would also have no problems with power over bishops. They could also elect their own ministers. Princes would have more power if they converted into lutheranism.

Princes ruled more territories in northern England when they converted to Lutheranism.Lutheranism allowed princes to confiscate monasteries and seize their land and wealth. After taking down monasteries and taking their money it made Princes richer and have more land.

Lutheranism made a very big appeal on princes because they could be richer. When princes took down monasteries they also took their  wealth and Land. So when princes took down monasteries it made them richer and more powerful.

Lutheranism also gave a new perspective on christianity over the church. They said that the leader of the church was Jesus not the pope. And that What the church was doing was wrong and that it was for there own gain, if you want to go to heaven your not supposed to indulgences to the church, it is in faith of god.

 They didn’t have to also enforce various Christian church dues on their subjects. By rejecting the authority of Rome, princes also could assert the primacy of the state over the church more generally. Lutheranism was more appealing to princes because it gave them more power over the church.

As a conclusion Lutheranism gave princes all that they wanted. Lutheranism made princes more powerful and richer and it gave them all the land that they can get from the monasteries.

Interview project

Most Important Effects Of The Crusade On Europe

  There were many changes in Europe as a result of the crusades.Some of the most significant were the effects of feudalism.It made thousands of knights sell their land in order to raise money for the crusading expedition which lead to making the knights poor and weak.More knights and soldiers died as a result of private warfare which lead to making kings more powerful.
  Other changes included social effects.The crusades offered an opportunity for romantic adventures. Contact with the cultures of the east provided a general refining influence. The Crusades were one of the principle fostering influences of chivalry, which meant saving a lady for your own life.
   In my opinion the most important was commerce. They created a constant demand for men and supplies. It increased the number of ship building which lead to the expand of trade throughout the middle east, that is a important thing cause when they expand trade throughout the middle east it will increase the wealth of the cities.